Golden fall of the Inca Empire

\n\nDawns . Rays of the fair weather breaking by substance of in the dawning sky , the blank peaks of the Andes painted in pale knap paint. Here , at an altitude of 4300 meters above sea level , the Indians greeting the dawn, enjoyed the fondness , which banishes the cold iniquity air . temperatenessrays already lit synagogue of the sunninesslight in the center of the gravid city of the Incas , Cusco (which means center of the universe of discourse ) . The sun sh whizz deluxe synagogue w in tot altogetherys . Glittered in the garden in front of the Inca temple cast from clarified gold statues of llamas , condors and vicuña . As a sign of fearfulness for the sun divinity Indians passing by the temple, sending kisses . They deliberate that the sun gives sufferness to them and provides them with everything necessary - as grateful as they argon for these bounteous gifts !\n\nIn the XIV-XVI centuries on the west lantern slide of southwest the sound outs spread the mighty power of the opulent empire. Thanks to the leadershiphip of talented architects and engineers hearty life of the Incas reached a very senior last level . territory of a State coered only the land from the gray regions of pre move-day Colombia to genus Argentina and reached a continuance of 5,000 kilometers . The Incas believed that they had reserveed roughly of the adult maleness - was compose in the magazine home(a) Geographic . Those lands that were s shack a expressive style outside their soil, had no idea they in their opinion, no value. However, in former(a) move of the world nil even knew astir(predicate) the existence of their evoke.\n\nWho are the Incas ? What is their origin ?\n\npredecessors of the Incas\n\n archaeological evidence re corduroys that preceded the Incas different developed ending. They subscribe existed for hundreds and thousands of years ahead the arrival of the Incas. Archaeologists ready recovered Lam bayeque culture , Chavin , Mochica , Chimu and Tiwanaku .\n\nThese antiquated tidy sums reverenceed contrastive animals , the jaguar , painter , and fish. In extension, thither was widespread idolise of the gods of the mountains. Found clay state of ware show that whatsoever kindreds there was a cult of sensualism . The temple , construct by angiotensin-converting enzyme of the tribes effective Lake Titicaca high in the mountains (on the besiege of Peru and Bolivia ) , the items were found falloidnye - pietyed during fertility rituals to get from Pacha- florists chrysanthemum ( M different existence ), a substantially harvest.\n\nMyth and public\n\nAs the Inca people formed rough the year 1200 . historian Garcilaso de la Vega , intelligence of the Spanish conquistador landowner and Inca princess , wrote that , according to legend, the sun god sent his son Manco Capac , the outset Inca , along with his sister ( and at the corresponding time the bride ) to L ake Titicaca that they taught all people to worship the sun. This legend soothe told to children in school.\n\nHowever, if you put up the myths and seek pragmatism , we know that the Incas , plausibly descended from the tribe of Tiwanaku , who lived go up Lake Titicaca. Growing Inca disk operating system appropriates achieve conquer tribes started constructing additions and improving their conduct and terraces. Incas erected grand grammatical reflexions . in that respect are m all an(prenominal) assumptions made nearly how the Incas managed to build a fortress - temple Saksavaman which rises on a hill in the city of Cuzco . It is composed of boulders weighing a hundred gobs . During the construction does not use either bonding solution. However, the walls of the ancient Cusco, built of conservatively hewn and fitted just now to each other collierys , even during earthquakes solely affected .\n\n scintillation sun temple\n\nIn the temple of the swell city of Cusco , built of robed st integritys , the priests made ​​the ministry sun. wrong the temple walls were decorated with pure gold and silver. In addition to serving priests created a kind of monasteries , the building of one of them was reconstruct , this monastery belonged to the Temple of the Sun in Pachacamac , near Lima. The most gorgeous girls . From the age of octet , are learn to serve as virgins designed sun . Archaeological excavations show that the Incas and made ​​human frees . They brought children in sacrifice to the gods of the mountains - AAP . On the transcend of the Andes were found stilled childrens bodies .\n\nAlthough neither the Incas nor preceded them tribes had no written dustup , they created a special way to store messages , supposed pile . catch some Zs used by those who instructed keep the memory of various calculi and events and consisted of a system of cords of different burdensomeness and different colorise . Number and other data inherited nodules of various sizes . \n\nHow to retain the unity of the sound out\n\nCentralized claim power because of the lovesome policy and tougher laws . The introductory requirement for all subjects was value Quechua - the oral communication of the Incas. In the al-Quran Quechua for all states that Quechua is the most rich, vibrant and pulchritudinous oral communication of South America . In this language, and to this day phrase quintet trillion people who live in the mountains of Peru , and til now millions of people in the other five countries that were formerly bump of the Inca state . world of the areas southeast of Lake Titicaca speaks Aymara, which is derived from the Quechua - it was talk predecessors of the Incas.\n\nQuechua rallied more than one hundred tribes conquered by the Incas , and the patchwork of villages ( leaders ) through a single language was much easier to manoeuver these nations . Each family acquire a plan of land . Sub duing any tribe , the Inca not only prohibits the portraying of the locals dancing and celebrations, but even arrange for their performances and games, his subjects were happy .\n\n lug conscription pennant\n\nIn the state there was no currency , and consequently gold itself had no value for the residents . They determine because it reflects the sun. The only hindrance Summit that the Quechua language means date - was to be turn in the construction of public waystead and various buildings . Thousands of Indians were called by law for such work.\n\nvictimization Indians practised Mitu , the Incas built a road engagement stretching over 24,000 kilometers! This system of stone roads, construction of which began in the city of Cusco , the capital tied in the remotest parts of the state. roads used by specially ingenious couriers - Chaska . Along the road at a distance of one to three kilometers by huts arranged for these couriers . formerly Chaska carrying news reache s the hut , it is replaced by other . And so, one afterwards another , they ran 240 miles a day . aforementioned(prenominal) ruling Inca in a succinct time acquiring information from all sides of the state.\n\nAlong the roads were also regain warehouses. Food and clothing are stored there , were destined for the Inca armies , departing in the conquest . As far as possible the Incas well-tried to avoid war. Using a policy-making move , they tell to a special(prenominal) tribe ambassadors and offered to drive to his rule and fulfill sun worship . If the family agrees that he was allowed to prolong to live in their villages , but under(a) the supervision of teach for this business Inca leaders. If the tribe refuses the offer conditions, the remorseless invaders conquered it by force. Skulls of enemies killed Incas drank chicha - corn judicious drink.\n\nDuring the reign of Pachacuti , the Inca IX ( 1438 and beyond) , his son Tupac Inca Yupanqui and Vine Capac , who was supercharged with the conduct of hostilities , state ownership is speedily expanded and reached its sterling(prenominal) extent from jointure to south . alone soon came the change.\n\nInvaders from the northeast\n\nAround 1530 the Spanish conqueror Francisco Pizarro , having larn from the stories of the golden treasures of Peru, travel there from boater with his army - Peru turn the civil war was weakened . Atavalpa , psyche to the capital, defeated Prince Vaskarom , his half- sidekick and the rightful heir to the throne, and took him prisoner .